Cash Flow Statement As Per AS-3
The Accounting Standard-three (AS-3), referring to the Cash Flow Statement, issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India’ (ICAI) Carlice, was revised in the year 1997. Further, regarding the commands issued by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), indexed agencies must furnish a replica of Cash Flow Analysis organized and a reproduction of its Final Accounts.
Activities in Cash Flow Statement
Before challenging Cash Flow Analysis, a commercial enterprise corporation may categorize its sports into the following 3 businesses:
1) Operating sports
2) Investing activities
3) Financing activities
Cash is generated from the operations of an enterprise agency through anybody or a combination of greater than one of the above sports, depending upon the character of its core business Categorization of activities permits an analyst to have particular extra data in regards to the effect of the sports on the placement of Cash/Cash Equivalent of the corporation. Such categorized data may also be useful in the course of the assessment of inter-courting between one-of-a-kind categories of activities. Sometimes a single transaction may contain cash flows from specific activities. In the next section, you will know the different activities in cash flow statement.
For example, when a fixed asset is purchased on a ‘Deferred Payment Basis,’ the installment charge includes both the Principal quantity and the quantity of Interest Accrued on that significant quantity. While the interest charge is classified as Financing Activity, the charge of importance is classified as ‘Investing Activity.
1. Operating Activities
Cash Flow from the Operating Activities bureaucracy is the main function of the Total Cash Flows, and its source is the core Income Generating Activity of the employer. The quantity of Cash Flows generated out of the Operating Activities is also a crucial indicator of the enterprise’s ‘Operational Efficiency and its ability to pay dividends, pay off loans, and make investments in new initiatives without seeking out any outside aid from finance. It is one of the activities in cash flow statement. Information concerning the extent of Cash Flows from a specific class may be very beneficial, along with certain statistics, in predicting future Operating Cash Flows.
Examples of Cash Flows Arising from Operating Activities
Some examples of coin flows arising from operating activities are as follows:
1) Cash acquired from the sale of goods and offerings.
2) Cash received as ‘Fees,’ ‘Commission’ and Royalties, and so forth.
3) Cash paid to the providers for items and offerings.
4) Cash paid to and on behalf of personnel.
5) Cash paid to and obtained from an Insurance Company in connection with Premium, Claims “Amities, and different policy blessings. It is an example of operating activities in cash flow statement.
6) Cash regarding the refund of Income Tax (provided they may be categorized either as ‘Investing Activities or Financing Activities.
7) Cash transactions of the contracts concerning the “Futures, Forwards,” “Options,” and “Swaps,” provided such contracts/derivatives are stored inside the books for buying and selling functions.
Exceptions
Certain transactions normally create a few doubts concerning their classification:
1) Sale of a Plant/Machinery, which ends up in a Gain/loss and is blanketed in a Profit & Loss Account”
“Cash Flows” generated from such transactions are considered as Cash Flows from Investing Activities and now not from Operating Activities because sales transactions do not shape part of an agency’s center pastime.
2) Instruments/Securities held for Trading Purposes
‘Cash Flows’ generated from the buying and selling of Financial Instruments/Securities are considered part of ‘Operating Activities,’ because such contraptions are received for the cause of promoting them at an appropriate time. As such, they’re much like ‘Inventories.’ Their sale/purchase is, therefore, the middle hobby of an employer
3) Loans and Advances prolonged in ‘Cash’ through ‘Finance Companies
In most cases, several ‘Finance Companies are engaged in extending or recovering loans and advances. It’s far taken into consideration their “Principal Income Generating Activities. Such transactions are commonly categorized as “Operating Activities.
2. Investing Activities
The info on “Cash Flows” generated out of ” Investing Activities” wants to be found one after the other. It is one of the activities in cash flow statement. This is significant because such ‘Cash Flows’ symbolize the degree of the expenditure incurred for resources meant to generate profits and cash flows in the destiny.
Examples of Cash Flows Arising from Investing Activities
Following are a few examples of coin flows arising from doing investment sports:
1) Cash bills made for the purchase of Fixed Assets (along with intangible ones). Further, cash payments made in connection with the Capitalized Research and Development Costs and Self-Constructed Fixed Assets’ are also considered as ‘Cash Flows’ springing up from ‘Investing Activities.’ It is an example of investing activities in cash flow statement.
2) Cash proceeds obtained from the disposal of Fixed Assets (along with intangible ones).
3) Cash paid for the acquisition of “Shares,” “Debentures’, ‘Warrants, and other such units of different corporations and interest in Joint Ventures’ (JVs). However, coins payments for the purchase of devices, which are:
i) Cash and cash equivalents
ii) Held for trading functions are excluded
4) Cash acquired from the sale of “Shares,” “Debentures,” Warrants, and different such gadgets of different groups and hobbies in ‘Joint Ventures’ (JVs). However, cash obtained from the sale of gadgets, that is:
1) Cash and cash-equivalents
ii) Held for buying and selling functions are excluded
5) Cash loans and advances prolonged to third parties (other than cash loans and advances prolonged by a financing corporation).
6) Cash acquired as the reimbursement of loans and advances extended to 0.33 parties (aside from cash obtained as the repayment of loans and advances extended by a financing agency).
7) Cash paid for the contracts referring to ‘Futures,’ ‘Forwards,’ ‘Options,’ and ‘Swaps,’ except while such contracts are held for trading functions or the transaction is labeled as ‘Financing Activities.
8) Cash is obtained for the contracts referring to Futures’, ‘Forwards,’ ‘Options,’ and ‘Swaps,’ except when such contracts are held for trading functions or the transaction is classified as ‘Financing Activities.’
Note: When an agreement is accounted for as a ‘Hedge, ‘the ‘Cash Flows of the contract are classified in the identical manner as the Cash Flows of the placement being hedged.
3. Financing Activities
Cash Flows’ generated out of “Financing Activities” are required to be proven one after the other because it enables forecasting of claims on destiny Cash Flows by using the fund companies (both “Long Term” in addition to “Short Term’) to the organization. It is one of the activities in cash flow statement.
Examples of Cash Flows Arising from Financing Activities
Some examples of coin flow springing up from financial sports are as follows:
1) Cash proceeds of ‘Share Issue and other such instruments.
2) Cash proceeds of Debenture Issues’ and other debt instruments like “Bonds” and “Loans.” Notes and different borrowings (each Short Term and Long Term).
3) Repayment of the borrowed funds in coins.